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Jean-Honoré Fragonard (French:5 April 1732 – 22 August 1806) was a French painter and printmaker whose late Rococo manner was distinguished by remarkable facility, exuberance, and hedonism. Among his most popular works are genre paintings conveying an atmosphere of intimacy and veiled eroticism.
Fragonard was the son of a haberdasher’s assistant. The family moved to Paris about 1738, and in 1747 the boy was apprenticed to a lawyer, who, noticing his appetite for drawing, suggested that he be taught painting. François Boucher was prevailed upon to accept him as a pupil (c. 1748), and in 1752, Fragonard’s elementary training completed, Boucher recommended that he compete for a Prix de Rome scholarship, which meant study under the court painter to Louis XV, Carle Van Loo, in Paris. On September 17, 1756, Fragonard set off with other scholarship winners for the French Academy at Rome.
While at Rome, Fragonard contracted a friendship with a fellow painter, Hubert Robert. In 1760, they toured Italy together, executing numerous sketches of local scenery. It was in these romantic gardens, with their fountains, grottos, temples and terraces, that Fragonard conceived the dreams which he was subsequently to render in his art. He also learned to admire the masters of the Dutch and Flemish schools (Rubens, Hals, Rembrandt, Ruisdael), imitating their loose and vigorous brushstrokes. Added to this influence was the deep impression made upon his mind by the florid sumptuousness of Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, whose works he had an opportunity to study in Venice before he returned to Paris in 1761.
Hitherto Fragonard had hesitated between religious, classic and other subjects; but now the demand of the wealthy art patrons of Louis XV’s pleasure-loving and licentious court turned him definitely towards those scenes of love and voluptuousness with which his name will ever be associated, and which are only made acceptable by the tender beauty of his color and the virtuosity of his facile brushwork; such works include the Blind Man’s Bluff (Le collin maillard), Serment d’amour (Love Vow), Le Verrou (The Bolt), La Culbute (The Tumble), La Chemise enlevée (The Raised Chemise), and L’escarpolette (The Swing), and his decorations for the apartments of Mme du Barry and the dancer Madeleine Guimard.
He married Marie-Anne Gérard, herself a painter of miniatures, (1745–1823) on 17 June 1769 and had a daughter, Rosalie Fragonard (1769–1788), who became one of his favourite models. In October 1773, he again went to Italy with Pierre-Jacques Onézyme Bergeret de Grancourt and his son, Pierre-Jacques Bergeret de Grancourt. In September 1774, he returned through Vienna, Prague, Dresden, Frankfurt and Strasbourg.
He turned his interests toward a new type of subject matter: domestic scenes inspired by Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s moral philosophy or romantic novels (The Happy Family, c. 1775) or scenes concerned with children’s upbringing, in which his son Évariste (born 1780) frequently figures (The Schoolmistress [“Now Say Please”], c. 1780).
In the last years preceding the French Revolution, Fragonard turned finally to Neoclassical subject matter and developed a less fluent Neoclassical style of painting (The Fountain of Love, c. 1785), which becomes increasingly evident in his later works, particularly the genre scenes executed in collaboration with Marguerite Gérard (The Beloved Child, 1780–85).
The French Revolution deprived Fragonard of his private patrons: they were either guillotined or exiled. The neglected painter deemed it prudent to leave Paris in 1790 and found shelter in the house of his cousin Alexandre Maubert at Grasse, which he decorated with the series of decorative panels known as the Les progrès de l’amour dans le cœur d’une jeune fille, originally painted for Château du Barry.
At first he retired to Grasse, but he returned to Paris in 1791, where the protection of the leading Neoclassical painter Jacques-Louis David obtained for him a post with the Museum Commission, but he lost this position in 1797. He spent the rest of his life in obscurity, painting little. His death in 1806 passed almost unnoticed, and his work remained unfashionable until well after 1850.
Fragonard has been bracketed with Watteau as one of the two great poetic painters of the 18th century in France. A prodigiously active artist, he produced more than 550 paintings, several thousand drawings (although many hundreds are known to be lost), and 35 etchings. His style, based primarily on that of Rubens, was rapid, vigorous, and fluent, never tight or fussy like that of so many of his contemporaries.
A rediscovered painting, Philosopher Reading by Jean-Honoré Fragonard sold at auction for €7.7 million ($9.2 million) with buyer’s premium at the Enchères Champagne auction house on Saturday in Épernay, France. The result was more than three times its $2.4 million high estimate.
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Les Hasards Heureux De L’escarpolette (The Swing)
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩356,169Blind-Mans Buff
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩361,319The Love Letter
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189Young Girl Reading 1770
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩331,099The Stolen Kiss
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩351,009Le Verrou The Bolt 1777
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩361,319Jeroboam Sacrificing to the Idols, 1752
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩373,229Grand Priest Coresus Sacrifices himself to save Callirhoe 1765
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩366,469The Progress of Love- The Pursuit
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩366,469The Progress of Love- The Meeting
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩366,469The Progress of Love- The Lover Crowned
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩397,329The Progress of Love- Love Letters
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩392,189The Progress of Love- Love Triumphant
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩371,619The Progress of Love- Reverie
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩308,139The Progress of Love- Love Pursuing a Dove
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩292,239The Progress of Love- Love the Avenger
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩280,299The Progress of Love- Love the Jester
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩347,799The Progress of Love- Love the Sentinel
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩308,139A Game of Horse and Rider
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩381,909A Game of Hot Cockles
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩352,039The Swing
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩376,759Blindman’s Buff
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩389,109The See-Saw
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩417,879Blindman’s Buff
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩392,189The Musical Contest
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩356,169Happy Lovers
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩340,699The Shepherdess
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩340,699The Fête at Saint Cloud
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩345,859The Joys of Motherhood 1752
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩428,139The Reaper
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩375,479The Grape Gatherer 1754
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩339,879The Gardener
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩339,879The Shepherdess
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189The Pre-arranged Flight
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩296,219The Angora Cat
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩316,089The Souvenir
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩308,139La Surprise
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169A Philosopher Reading
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩308,139The Philosopher
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩356,169The Bathers 1765
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩335,539A lady and her maid chastising a spaniel
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩344,829The Young Erudite Mother
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩345,859Psyche showing her Sisters her Gifts from Cupid
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩351,009The Beloved Child
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩362,639The First Steps
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩371,619The Stolen Kiss 1760
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩404,969The High Priest Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe 1765
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩394,399In the Wheat (Dans les blés)
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩345,859The Laundresses
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩345,859The Fountain of Love 1785
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩345,859The goddess Aurora triumphs over night, Apollo in his chariot, Morpheus sleeps
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩387,049Diana and Endymion
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩394,399The goddess Aurora triumphing over Night
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩540,439Céphale et Procris 1755
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩550,629Jupiter sous les traits de Diane, séduisant Callisto
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩366,469Dites donc s’il vous plaît (Say Please)
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩367,939The Visit to the Nursery 1775
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩367,939Young Washerwomen
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩351,009Roman Interior 1760
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩308,139A Young girl sleeping
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩362,639The Desired Moment 1770
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩357,339Education is Everything
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169Girl with dog
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩331,099Two girls on a bed playing with their dogs
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩335,679The Two Sisters
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩324,019Le Billet Doux (The Love Letter)
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169Les Baisers Maternels
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩312,119Les Curieuses
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩367,579Music
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩540,439Winter 1755
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩313,249Landscape with Shepherds and Flock of Sheep 1763
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189Le petit parc (The small park)
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189Le Tertre
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩288,259The Pond
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩325,499Barquant dans un parc
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩308,139A wooded landscape with milkmaids and their cattle sheltering from a shower
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩309,159La mare
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189Landscape with Passing Shower
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189Family of Shepherds in a family landscape
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩316,089Pastoral landscape with a shepherd and shepherdess at rest
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩313,249The Isle of Love 1770
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩292,239The Rock
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩309,159The Watering Place 1765
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩309,159A shepherd and herdsman seated on a rock with cows and sheep, a landscape beyond
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩317,329Paysage italien agrave
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩309,159A wooded landscape with brigands attacking travellers
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169Return of the Drove
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩325,499A wooded landscape with figures at the edge of a pond
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩343,839Mountain Landscape at Sunset 1765
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189Grand Cascade at Tivoli
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩308,139The Cascade
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169A Shaded Avenue 1775
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩312,119A Boy in a Red-lined Cloak
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩296,219A Boy as Pierrot 1785
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩324,019A little boy with a curiosity
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩316,089A Young Woman Leaning out of a Window
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩296,219Girl reading a book
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169Inspiration 1769
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩300,189Jérôme de La Lande
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169Portrait of François-Henri d’Harcourt 1769
으로 장-오노레 프라고나르크기 시작 ₩304,169