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매너리즘
The Mannerism art movement, which emerged in the late 16th century, was a period of artistic experimentation and stylistic deviation from the ideals of the High Renaissance. It is characterized by its elongated figures, contorted poses, and a departure from naturalistic proportions. Mannerism sought to challenge the harmonious balance and idealized beauty of the Renaissance, opting instead for an art that was more artificial, complex, and intellectually sophisticated.
One of the key characteristics of Mannerism is the deliberate distortion of form and space. Artists intentionally elongated the proportions of their figures, creating an elegant and stylized effect. These elongated figures, with their exaggerated poses and gestures, contributed to a sense of artificiality and theatricality in Mannerist works. This departure from naturalistic representation allowed artists to emphasize their technical virtuosity and demonstrate their mastery over the human form.
Mannerist artists also explored complex compositions and intricate spatial arrangements. They experimented with unusual perspectives and distorted spatial relationships, often creating ambiguous and disorienting settings. The use of foreshortening, where figures or objects are depicted in a compressed or distorted manner to create an illusion of depth, was also a common technique employed by Mannerist painters. These compositional devices added a sense of complexity and intellectual depth to the artworks.
The use of color in Mannerism was often vibrant and highly stylized. Artists employed vivid and unnatural hues, sometimes in juxtaposition or contrast, to create a sense of heightened drama and emotional intensity. The color schemes in Mannerist works were often carefully orchestrated to evoke specific moods or symbolize abstract concepts. The intense and artificial colors used in Mannerism further contributed to the overall sense of stylization and departure from naturalism.
One of the leading figures of Mannerism was the Italian painter and architect, Giorgio Vasari. Vasari’s writings on art, particularly his book “The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects,” played a crucial role in defining the Mannerist style and its characteristics. Vasari praised artists who deviated from the classical principles of the High Renaissance and celebrated those who embraced the artificiality and complexity of Mannerism.
The works of Jacopo Pontormo exemplify the Mannerist style with their elongated figures, contorted poses, and unconventional use of color. His famous painting “The Deposition from the Cross” showcases the elongated bodies of the figures and the complex composition, where the space is compressed and distorted. Pontormo’s Mannerist approach in this painting creates a sense of heightened emotion and dramatic tension.
Another prominent Mannerist artist was Parmigianino, known for his elegant and refined style. His painting “Madonna with the Long Neck” is an iconic example of Mannerist art. The elongated figure of the Madonna, the exaggerated proportions, and the distorted spatial relationships contribute to the otherworldly and ethereal quality of the painting.
Mannerism was not confined to Italy but also found expression in other parts of Europe. The works of El Greco, a Greek painter who settled in Spain, exhibit Mannerist tendencies. His elongated figures, swirling compositions, and intense use of color showcase the influence of Mannerism in his art. El Greco’s works, such as “The Burial of the Count of Orgaz,” are characterized by their visionary and spiritual quality, heightened by the Mannerist stylization.
The Mannerist movement also had a significant influence on sculpture and architecture. Sculptors such as Benvenuto Cellini and Giovanni Bologna embraced the elegant and elongated forms of Mannerism in their sculptures. The facades and interiors of buildings designed during the Mannerist period, such as the Palazzo del Te in Mantua by Giulio Romano, exhibit the same sense of complexity, artificiality, and stylization found in Mannerist paintings.
Mannerism as an art movement gradually declined by the end of the 16th century, making way for the emergence of the Baroque style. The Baroque movement, with its grandeur and emphasis on dramatic effects, was a reaction against the artificiality and intellectualism of Mannerism. Nevertheless, the influence of Mannerism persisted and continued to inspire artists in subsequent periods.
In conclusion, the Mannerism art movement of the late 16th century challenged the ideals of the High Renaissance and embraced a more artificial, complex, and intellectually sophisticated style. Artists deliberately distorted form and space, creating elongated figures and contorted poses. They experimented with complex compositions, unusual perspectives, and intense color schemes. The works of artists like Jacopo Pontormo, Parmigianino, and El Greco exemplify the distinctive characteristics of Mannerism. The movement had a significant impact on sculpture and architecture as well. Although Mannerism gradually waned, its influence on subsequent artistic developments cannot be understated, as it pushed the boundaries of artistic expression and paved the way for future artistic movements.
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El Expolio
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩438,399The Nobleman with his Hand on his Chest
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩312,119Burial of Count Orgaz
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩351,009View of Toledo
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩262,099Christ driving the Traders from the Temple
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩362,639Laocoön
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩367,939The Vision of Saint John
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩335,539Saint Martin and the Beggar
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩431,469The Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩443,529The Adoration of the Shepherds
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩453,769The Baptism of Christ
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩591,339The Resurrection
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩530,239Saint Peter in Tears
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩304,169Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩276,319Agony in the Garden
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩413,279Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩312,759Agony in the Garden
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩358,549Jesus Christ and the woman taken in adultery
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩381,909Adoración de los Reyes Magos
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩357,339Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩332,149Christ Driving the Money Changers from the Temple
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩362,639Christ Healing the Blind
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩356,169Christ driving the money-changers from the Temple
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩361,319Christ Cleansing the Temple
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩373,229Healing of the Blind
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩357,339Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩331,099Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩321,929Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩453,769Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩376,819Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩349,409Disrobing of Christ (Espolio)
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩438,399Jesus Christ stripped of his Garments
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩366,469Purification of the Temple
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩356,169Mount Sinai
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩272,359Jesus in the Garden of Olives
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩367,689Madonna and Child with Saint Martina and Saint Agnes
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩464,009The Adoration of the Name of Jesus
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩443,529The Adoration of the Shepherds
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩417,879The Adoration of the Shepherds
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩438,399The Adoration of the Shepherds
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩591,339The Adoration of the Shepherds
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩361,319The Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩346,269The Agony in the Garden
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩317,999The Annunciation 1614
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩358,549The Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩321,929The Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩349,409The Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩344,829The Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩443,529The Annunciation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩448,649The Coronation of the Virgin
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩294,399The Crucifiction
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩397,329The Crucifixion
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩464,009The entombment of Christ
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩361,319The Disrobing of Christ
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩356,169The Disrobing of Christ
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩361,319The Flight into Egypt
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩358,549The Entombment of Christ
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩321,929The Entombment of Christ
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩363,119The Feast in the House of Simon
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩387,049The Pentecost
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩535,339The Assumption of the Virgin
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩484,259The Holy Tninity
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩438,399The Martyrdom of St. Maurice
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩397,329The Holy Family with Mary Magdalen
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩366,469The Virgin of the Immaculate Conception
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩366,469The Visitation
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩344,829Apparition of the Virgin and Child to Saint Hyacinth
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩390,509The Holy Family with Mary Magdalen
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩366,469The Holy Family with Saint Anne and Saint John
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩407,609The Holy Family with Saint Anne and the Infant John the Baptist
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩412,739The Holy Family
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩371,619The Holy Family
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩351,009An Allegory with a Boy Lighting a Candle in the Company of an Ape and a Fool (Fábula)
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩363,119An Allegory (Fábula)
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩344,829An Allegory with a Boy Lighting a Candle in the Company of an Ape and a Fool (Fábula)
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩346,269Boy Blowing an Ember
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩321,929Nativity
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩500,000The Adoration of the Magi
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩322,719The Disrobing of Christ
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩351,009The Concert of the Angels
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩488,789L’Ultima cena
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩637,019The Family of El Greco
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩484,259View and Plan of Toledo
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩337,059Apostle Saint Matthew
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩304,169Apostle Saint Paul
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩304,169Christ as Saviour
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩308,139Christ Bearing the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩304,169Christ Blessing (‘The Saviour of the World’)
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩316,089Christ Holding the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩304,169Christ in Prayer
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩316,089Christ Carrying the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩347,799Christ Carrying the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩304,169Christ Carrying the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩324,019Christ crucified with Toledo in the Background
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩355,719Christ on the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩367,579Christ on the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩355,719Christ on the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩355,719Christ on the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩347,799Christ on the Cross
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩347,799Cristo en la cruz, en un paisaje con jinetes
으로 엘 그레코크기 시작 ₩359,669