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Vincent Van Gogh
Vincent van Gogh (March 30, 1853 – July 29, 1890) is generally considered the greatest Dutch painter after Rembrandt, though he had little success during his lifetime. Van Gogh produced all of his work (some 900 paintings and 1100 drawings) during a period of only 10 years before he succumbed to mental illness (possibly bipolar disorder) and committed suicide. His fame grew rapidly after his death especially following a showing of 71 of van Gogh’s paintings in Paris on March 17, 1901 (11 years after his death).
Van Gogh’s influence on expressionism, fauvism and early abstraction was enormous, and can be seen in many other aspects of 20th-century art. The Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam is dedicated to Van Gogh’s work and that of his contemporaries.
Several paintings by Van Gogh rank among the most expensive paintings in the world. On March 30, 1987 Van Gogh’s painting Irises was sold for a record $53.9 million at Sotheby’s, New York. On May 15, 1990 his Portrait of Doctor Gachet was sold for $82.5 million at Christie’s, thus establishing a new price record (see also List of most expensive paintings).
Vincent was born in Zundert, The Netherlands; his father was a protestant minister, a profession that Vincent found appealing and to which he would be drawn to a certain extent later in his life. His sister described him as a serious and introspective child.
At age 16 Vincent started to work for the art dealer Goupil & Co. in The Hague. His four years younger brother Theo, with whom Vincent cherished a life long friendship, would join the company later. This friendship is amply documented in a vast amount of letters they sent each other. These letters have been preserved and were published in 1914. They provide a lot of insight into the life of the painter, and show him to be a talented writer with a keen mind. Theo would support Vincent financially throughout his life.
In 1873, his firm transferred him to London, then to Paris. He became increasingly interested in religion; in 1876 Goupil dismissed him for lack of motivation. He became a teaching assistant in Ramsgate near London, then returned to Amsterdam to study theology in 1877.
After dropping out in 1878, he became a layman preacher in Belgium in a poor mining region known as the Borinage. He even preached down in the mines and was extremely concerned with the lot of the workers. He was dismissed after 6 months and continued without pay. During this period he started to produce charcoal sketches.
In 1880, Vincent van Gogh followed the suggestion of his brother Theo and took up painting in earnest. For a brief period Vincent took painting lessons from Anton Mauve at The Hague. Although Vicent and Anton soon split over divergence of artistic views, influences of the Hague School of painting would remain in Vincents work, notably in the way he played with light and in the looseness of his brush strokes. However his usage of colours, favouring dark tones, set him apart from his teacher.
In 1881 he declared his love to his widowed cousin Kee Vos, who rejected him. Later he would move in with the prostitute Sien Hoornik and her children and considered marrying her; his father was strictly against this relationship and even his brother Theo advised against it. They later separated.
Impressed and influenced by Jean-Francois Millet , van Gogh focussed on painting peasants and rural scenes. He moved to the Dutch province Drenthe, later to Nuenen, North Brabant, also in The Netherlands. Here he painted in 1885.
In the winter of 1885-1886 Van Gogh attended the art academy of Antwerp, Belgium. This proved a disappointment as he was dismissed after a few months by his Professor. Van Gogh did however get in touch with Japanese art during this period, which he started to collect eagerly. He admired its bright colors, use of canvas space and the role lines played in the picture. These impressions would influence him strongly. Van Gogh made some painting in Japanese style. Also some of the portraits he painted are set against a background which shows Japanese art.
In spring 1886 Vincent van Gogh went to Paris, where he moved in with his brother Theo; they shared a house on Montmartre. Here he met the painters met Edgar Degas Camille Pissarro, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and Paul Gauguin. He discovered impressionsm and liked its use of light and color, more than its lack of social engagement (as he saw it). Especially the technique known as pointillism (where many small dots are applied to the canvas that blend into rich colors only in the eye of the beholder, seeing it from a distance) made its mark on Van Goghs own style. It should be noted that Van Gogh is regarded as a post-impressionist, rather than an impressionist.
In 1888, when city life and living with his brothers proved too much, Van Gogh left Paris and went to Arles, Bouches-du-Rh, France. He was impressed with the local landscape and hoped to found an art colony. He decorated a «yellow house» and created a celebrated series of yellow sunflower paintings for this purpose. Only Gauguin, whose simplified colour schemes and forms (known as synthetism) attracted van Gogh, followed his invitation. The admiration was mutual, and Gauguin painted van Gogh painting sunflowers. However their encounter ended in a quarrel. Van Gogh suffered a mental breakdown and cut off part of his left ear, which he gave to a startled prostitute friend. Gauguin left in December 1888.
The only painting he sold during his lifetime, The Red Vineyard, was created in 1888. It is now on display in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, Russia.
Vincent van Gogh now exchanged painting dots for small stripes. He suffered from depression, and in 1889 on his own request Van Gogh was admitted to the psychiatric center at Monastery Saint-Paul de Mausole in Saint Remy de Provence, Bouches-du-Rh, France. During his stay here the clinic and its garden became his main subject. Pencil strokes changed again, now into spiral curves.
In May 1890 Vincent van Gogh left the clinic and went to the physician Paul Gachet, in Auvers-sur-Oise near Paris, where he was closer to his brother Theo, who had recently married. Gachet had been recommended to him by Pissarro; he had treated several artists before. Here van Gogh created his only etching: a portrait of the melancholic doctor, doctor Gachet. His depression aggravated. On July 27 of the same year, at the age of 37, after a fit of painting activity, van Gogh shot himself in the chest. He died two days later, with Theo at his side, who reported his last words as «La tristesse durera toujours» (French: «The sadness will last forever»). He was buried at the cemetery of Auvers-sur-Oise; Theo unable to come to terms with his brother’s death died 6 months later and was buried next to him. It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher. Large exhibitions were organized soon: Paris 1901, Amsterdam 1905, Cologne 1912, New York 1913 and Berlin 1914.
Vincent van Gogh’s mother threw away quite a number of his paintings during Vincent’s life and even after his death. But she would live long enough to see her son become a world famous painter.
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Garden With Butterflies 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Clumps Of Grass
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.579Grass And Butterflies
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749Long Grass With Butterflies 1890
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749A Field Of Yellow Flowers 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr3.059Path In The Woods
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Trees 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Trees And Undergrowth 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689Undergrowth 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749Undergrowth
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659Undergrowth, 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.929Undergrowth, With Ivy
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.739Undergrowth
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.739The Grove, 1890
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719Trunk Of An Old Yew Tree
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.799The Railway Bridge Over Avenue Montmajour 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719The Trinquetaille Bridge
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689Bedroom In Arles 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719Gauguin’s Chair 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689Bedroom In Arles 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.779Van Gogh’s Chair 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719Bedroom In Arles 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749Ravine With A Small Stream
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.739Entrance To A Quarry Near Saint-Remy, 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.739The Ravine (Les Peiroulets)
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749Entrance To A Quarry
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659Lane With Poplars Near Nuenen 1885
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749View Of Paris 1886
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.839View From Vincent’s Studio
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.799Houses Seen From The Back 1886
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719Canal With Women Washing
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659The Factory
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689The Bridge At Courbevoie
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749Bulb Fields
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.799Montmartre- Mills And Vegetable Gardens 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr3.339Impasse Des Deux Frères 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr3.339Landscape And Mood
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659Snowy Landscape With Arles In The Background (1888)
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Shelter On Montmartre
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719Path In Montmartre
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.799Pollard Willows 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689Along The Seine
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.769View Of A Butcher’s Shop 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629View From Theo’s Apartment 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659Montmartre- Behind The Moulin De La Galette 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689Bridges Across The Seine At Asnières
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719Boulevard De Clichy 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689The Old Mill 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Le Moulin De Blute-Fin
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.889Le Moulin De La Galette 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659Le Moulin De La Galette
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.909Le Moulin De La Galette
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Le Moulin De La Gallete
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Avenue With Flowering Chestnut Trees
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689River Bank In Springtime 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689The Hill Of Montmartre With Stone Quarry 1886
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719The Hill Of Montmartre With Stone Quarry
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.579The Laakmolen Near The Hague (The Windmill)
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.989The Oise At Auvers
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.739Green Corn Stalks
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719Haystacks Under A Rainy Sky
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Sheaves Of Wheat In A Field
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.769Wheat Fields With Auvers In The Background
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.569View Of A River With Rowing Boats
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.779Old Cottages, Chaponval
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749The House Of Pere Pilon, 1890
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.869Thistles 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689The Fourteenth Of July Celebration In Paris
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629A Crab On Its Back
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.799Two Crabs
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.859Les Vaches
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659Emperor Moth 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.799Kingfisher By The Waterside
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.899The Seated Zouave
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.759Self Portrait (Dedicated To Paul Gauguin) 1888
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.759Self Portrait With Felt Hat
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.819Self-Portrait With Glass
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.759Self-Portrait 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.909Self-Portrait With Grey Felt Hat 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.729Self-Portrait 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.759Self-Portrait With Bandaged Ear And Pipe 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.669Self-Portrait As A Painter
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.759Self-Portrait With Pipe 1886
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.759Portrait Of A One-Eyed Man
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr3.129Portrait Of A Prostitute 1885
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.729The Smoker (Le Fumeur)
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.849Portrait Of Alexander Reid
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.819Portrait Of Léonie Rose Charbuy-Davy
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.879Portrait Of Adeline Ravoux 1890
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.759Portrait Of A Man 1889
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.939Child With Orange
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.539Le Bébé Marcelle Roulin
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr3.039Reclining Nude
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.719A Pair Of Boots, 1887
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689A Pair Of Leather Clogs
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749Shoes
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.629Shoes
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.749Three Pairs Of Shoes 1886
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.909Shoes
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.689A Pair Of Shoes
By Vincent Van GoghSizes starting at kr2.659